Injection combustion engine having an air granary



May 31, 1932. w. RIEHM I 1,861,362

INJECTION COMBUSTION ENGINE HAVING AN AIR GRANARY Filed Nov. 16, 195] Patented May 31, 1932 PATENT ornca' WILHELM RIEHM, OF AUGSBURG, GERMANY, ASSIGNOR BURG-NURNBERG A. (3., OF

To mscHINEn'rABRrx AUGS- AUGSBURG, GERMANY, A CORPORATION OF GERMANY- INd'EGTION COMBUSTION ENGINE HAVING AN AIR. GRANARY Application filed November 16, 1931, Serial No. 575,386, and in Germany November 13,1930.

injected at the nozzle f at a proper time in the operating cycle of the piston; the fuel being ignited by the heat of compression. By discharging the fuel into the compart-- ment 6 rather than the combustion chamber This invention relates to internal combustion engines and more particularly to engines operating on the fuel injection principle.

One of the principal objects of the invention is the provision of an internal combus- U tion engine of high operating efliciency in- 0, partial ignition of the fuel occurs in this corporating simple and effective means for compartment e which is in effect a prelimisecuring complete combustion and mixing of nary combustion chamber. The combustion the fuel charge. of fuel in the chamber 8 results in an in- Another object of the invention is the procrease of pressure within this compartment w vision of an internal combustion engine and so that there is a pronounced excess of presits method of operation, in which an air storsure above that of the combustion chamber age compartment communicates with a pre- 0. This excess of pressure acts through the liminary combustion chamber so as to force passage 9 on the air stored in the compartair into the engine combustion chamber while ment It to force that air into theengine come6 combustion of fuel in the preliminary com bustion chamber 0, and also serves to accelbustion chamber is taking place. erate the entrance of the remaining unburned Other objects and advantages of the infuel through the passage 62 into the combusvention will be apparent from the following tion chamber a. As the passage 03 is in condescription, the-accompanying. drawing and tinuous communication with the working to the appended claims. cylinder and never closed by the piston 11, The single figure of the drawing is a fragand as the passage g extends transversely mentary sectional View of an engine confrom the compartment 6, and also since the structed in accordance with the present .inrelative proportions of passages d, g and i vention; the section being taken in the diare such that at 'the time of fuel injection 76 rection of the engine cylinder axis. substantially no air current is flowing from Referring more particularly to the drawchamber e to chamber it, there will be no ing, a designates the cylinder of an internal great flow of fuel into the air storage chamcombustionengine having a piston b, the ber h where it might burn and so exhaust piston and the cylinder together defining a the air supply in the air storage chamber. 80 combustion chamber 0. An air storage com- Without the communicating passage g partment h is provided having continuous from the preliminary combustion chamber e communication with the combustion chamto the air storage compartment h the air ber 0 by means of a passage 2', which is of limstored in the compartment it would not be reited size, and which preferably is inclined leased into the combustion chamber until such 86 toward a central part of the combustion time in the expansion stroke of the piston chamber 0. A second compartment e has that the pressure in h exceeded the pressure continuous communication with the combusin 0, as this could only occur as the result of tion chamber through a passage 03 of limita pressure differential between the comparted size. The uel injection nozzle f is posiment it and the chamber 0. The provision 90 tioned in the compartment e and, as shown. of the passage 9 causes a pressure rise in the is so located that the fuel injection is directcompartment h starting at the same time or ed toward the passage d. A passage g proimmediately after the time combustion starts vides communication between the compartin compartment 0. There is therefore a ments and h independently of chamber 0. blast of air through passage 2' throughout 95 uring the compression stroke of the piston 6 air is compressed by the piston in the chamber 0 and flows into and is stored in the various passages and compartments. As is typical in engines of the Diesel type, fuel is substantially the entire time of combustion and beginning prior to the start of the ex-' pansion stroke of the piston. The flow of air through the passage 11 and its entrancewithin the combustion chamber 0 as a jet acting 100 under the force of pressure within the comartments serves to set up a violent turbuence within the combustion chamber which results in complete intermingling of the fuel and air for efiective combustion. Further, the capacity of the compartment h is such that air flow through the passage 5 continues after combustion starts within the chamber a, so that the combustion period is extended by supplying additional combustion air, to provide a desired slow burning of the fuel.

While the method herein described, and the form of apparatus for carrying this method into effect, constitute preferred embodiments of the invention, it is to be understood that the invention is not-limited to this precise method and form of apparatus, and that changes may be made in either without departing from the scope of the invention which is defined in the appended claims.

What I claim is:

1. In an internal combustion engine of the character described, a cylinder, a piston movable in the cylinder and forming therewith an engine combustion chamber, an air storage compartment, a restricted passage providing continuous communication between the air stora e compartment and the combustion cham er, a second compartment constituting a preliminary combustion chamber, a second restricted passage, said second compartment being in continuous communication with said engine combustion chamber through said second restricted passage, a fuel nozzle opening into said second compartment, and a passage independent of the combustion chamber and interconnecting said compartments, whereby the increase in pressure due to preliminary combustion of fuel in said second compartment will act through said passage interconnecting said compartments to force air from said air storage compartment through said first restricted passage into the said en ine combustion chamber, independently 0 any drop in pressure in said engine combustion chamber due to the downward movement of said piston.

2. In an internal combustion engine of the character described, a cylinder, a piston movable in the c linder and forming therewith an engine combustion chamber, an air storage compartment, a restricted passage providing continuous communication between the air storage compartment and the combustion chamber, a second compartment constituting a preliminary combustion chamber, a second restricted passage, said second compartment being in continuous communication with said engine combustion chamber through said second restricted passage, a fuel nozzle opening into said second compartment, and a passage independent of the combustion chamber and interconnecting said compartments, said last named passage being relatively larger than 'the restricted passages whereby the increase 

